Gender Inequality and
Economic Growth
Conclusion
After listing the situation of female participation in different sectors, the unemployment rate and wage gap of the 8 selected countries, we discover several different relations.
Our case studies show that in some of the countries, women's paticipation in labour market can promote positive gowth to the national economy. However, Angola, Bhutan, the Philippines and Taiwan's case shows the exception. Even though the women in Bhutan actively participate in labour market, they do not make much contribution to economic growth mainly because there are other factors dominated the GDP.
Angola's women do not make much contribution to the local GDP because most of the women work in informal sector, serving their own household and the agriculture industry. However, the economic growth in Angola heavily rely on the governmet regulating its oil policy.
Without any direct relation shown by data, but there are inhabitants review their agreement on the mutual relations of gender equality and economic growth.
Female's participation in labour market do not make much contribution to Bhutan's GDP as most of the women work in agricultural sector but not industrial sector which contributed the most to Bhutan's GDP. Moreover, the local hydro-power plant dominated the economic growth in recent year.
A large majority of working female participate in the manufacturing and industrial work, which is the main impetus of China’s economic growth. Their labour force is one of the vital supports of the economy. Since most of them can be benefited from the increase in salary, though the wage gender gap is still wide, women express agreement on the mutual relations of gender equality and economic growth.
Based on the data before the independence of Sudan, although equality can be shown in the labour market structure, it is not closely related to economic growth. The main reason is the largest proportion of Sudan GDP was contributed by oil industry, but not the women's labour force concentrated in agricultural sec.
Although Taiwan work hard to empower women and constructing a more equal labour market, women in Taiwan do not make much contribution to local economy. Firstly, most of the women in Taiwan work in service sector but the export of goods occupied the largest proportion in GDP. Furthermore, the economy in Taiwan mainly affected by its foreign policy and the marco-economy internationally, which is not easily influenced by the labour market.
Fair gender equality with plenty male and female engage in agricultural sector, which greatly supported the growth of GDP.
The advancement in gender equality has a relatively less obvious and small influence on the economy of the country. The progress in gender equality along the years is mainly done on other indicators of GII like education and political participation rather than women political participation and opportunity. Instead, the remittance brought from the OFWs is the fuel of the economy boost of the country.
We found that countries which developed positive relation between gender equality and economic growth are due to better gender education for adjusting traditional patriarchy practise and lessening stereotypes against women as well as comprehensive social planning.
However, according to the findings, most of our countries, especially those in Africa, are still striking to achieve development and enhancement on various aspects, including education and gender equality. Since the positive influence of gender equality on economic development would only show in long term, and most of our countries are still developing and dealing with deep-rooted gender inequality, the relationship cannot be shown clearly in this stage. The validity of the argument “gender equality leads to increase in women labour market participation and therefore promote the economic growth as a whole” cannot be well explained by our 8 countries.
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