Gender Inequailty in Angola's Labour Market

According to the African Development Bank (2008) , it reported that "the Agriculture and the forestry sector provides employment opportunities and income for about 60% of the population, and more particularly to women who constitute about 70% of the active agricultural labor force." Klaveren, Tijdens,  Hughie-Williams,  Martin (2009) had done a search on the Angolan women's working hour, it is recorded that "In the agriculture sector, it was estimated that adult men work 5 hours a day on the farm, while women work 6 hours. Besides the above figures, household work, which is women’s responsibility in rural areas, must be taken into account. Some estimates conclude that farming women work 14 hours a day on household and economic activities if they have a husband and 15 hours a day if they are single. " These figures and estimates indicate that women’s total contribution to the agricultural production implies a huge amount of daily working hours to meet the needs of the household. Women are today also responsible for household food security and thus comprise the majority involved in food crop production. The phenomenon shows that there is a gap in the working hours between men and women, which is women have to pay more effort in working in the agriculture and the forestry sector.

However, women have low mobility in the Angola's labor market as their low educational level. According to the African Development Bank (2008) , it reported that "In Angola the national literacy level is low for both men and women, but women and girls were even worse. Around 43% of adult women had never gone to school (40 per cent of men) and the average schooling among adult rural women is less than one year." The outcomes of the lower educationed women were the least qualified people to participate in the formal labour market. There were only a  few alternatives for angolan women take part in, expect from agriculture sector. It is observed that the education level among the gender would affect their job participation in the labor market, as some jobs required specific technique skills and knowledge. This has constrained Angola women from choosing their jobs and stay in the domestic sphere.